Donald a Norman the Art of Human Computer Interaction
| Don Norman | |
|---|---|
 Norman in 2005 | |
| Built-in | Donald Arthur Norman (1935-12-25) Dec 25, 1935 |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | MIT University of Pennsylvania |
| Known for | The Design of Everyday Things Cognitive ergonomics User-centered blueprint |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Cognitive science Usability engineering |
| Institutions | Northwestern University University of California, San Diego Nielsen Norman Group Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering science |
| Thesis | Sensory Thresholds And Response Biases In Detection Experiments, A Theoretical And Experimental Analysis(1962) |
| Doctoral advisor | R. Duncan Luce |
| Doctoral students |
|
| Website | jnd |
Donald Arthur Norman (built-in December 25, 1935)[2] [three] is an American researcher, professor, and author. Norman is the manager of The Design Lab at Academy of California, San Diego.[four] He is best known for his books on design, especially The Blueprint of Everyday Things. He is widely regarded for his expertise in the fields of blueprint, usability applied science, and cognitive science.[four] He is a co-founder of the Nielsen Norman Group, along with Jakob Nielsen. He is also an IDEO beau and a member of the Board of Trustees of IIT Institute of Design in Chicago. He also holds the title of Professor Emeritus of Cognitive Science at the University of California, San Diego. Norman is an active Distinguished Visiting Professor at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering science (KAIST), where he spends two months a yr instruction.[ when? ]
Much of Norman's work involves the advocacy of user-centered design.[5] His books all accept the underlying purpose of furthering the field of design, from doors to computers. Norman has taken a controversial opinion in proverb that the design research community has had trivial impact in the innovation of products, and that while academics can help in refining existing products, it is technologists that achieve the breakthroughs.[6] To this end, Norman named his website with the initialism JND (just-noticeable difference) to signify his endeavors to brand a difference.[ane]
Early on academics [edit]
In 1957, Norman received a B.Due south. degree in electrical applied science from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).[7] Norman received an M.S. degree in electric engineering from the Academy of Pennsylvania.[8] He received a PhD in psychology from the University of Pennsylvania.[8] He was one of the earliest graduates from the Mathematical Psychology grouping at Academy of Pennsylvania and his counselor was Duncan Luce.[8]
Afterward graduating, Norman took up a postdoctoral fellowship at the Heart for Cerebral Studies at Harvard University[9] [10] and within a year became a lecturer.
After 4 years with the Center, Norman took a position as an acquaintance professor in the Psychology Department at University of California, San Diego (UCSD). Norman applied his training equally an engineer and figurer scientist, and equally an experimental and mathematical psychologist, to the emerging subject area of cognitive science. Norman eventually became founding chair of the Department of Cognitive Science and chair of the Department of Psychology.
At UCSD, Norman was a founder of the Institute for Cognitive Science and one of the organizers of the Cognitive Scientific discipline Society (along with Roger Schank, Allan Collins, and others), which held its first coming together at the UCSD campus in 1979.[xi] [ non-primary source needed ]
Together with psychologist Tim Shallice, Norman proposed a framework of attentional command of executive functioning.[ when? ] One of the components of the Norman-Shallice model is the supervisory attentional system.[12]
Cognitive engineering career [edit]
Norman made the transition from cognitive science to cognitive engineering past entering the field as a consultant and writer. His article "The truth about Unix: The user interface is horrid"[thirteen] in Datamation (1981) catapulted him to a position of prominence in the computer world.[ citation needed ] Soon later, his career took off outside of academia, although he even so remained agile at UCSD until 1993. Norman continued his work to further human-centered design by serving on numerous university and government advisory boards such as the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). He currently serves on numerous committees and informational boards like at Motorola, the Toyota National College of Technology, TED Briefing, Panasonic, Encyclopædia Britannica and many more.
Norman was also part of a select team flown in to investigate the 1979 Iii Mile Island nuclear accident.[14]
In 1993, Norman left UCSD to join Apple Computer, initially equally an Apple Beau as a User Experience Architect (the first use of the phrase "User Experience" in a job title[15] [xvi] [ citation needed ]), and and then equally the Vice President of the Avant-garde Technology Group. He later worked for Hewlett-Packard before joining with Jakob Nielsen to grade the Nielsen Norman Group in 1998. He returned to academia as a professor of computer science at Northwestern University, where he was co-director of the Segal Blueprint Institute until 2010. In 2014, he returned to UCSD to become director of the newly established The Pattern Lab housed at the California Found for Telecommunications and It. [17]
Awards and honors [edit]
Norman has received many awards for his work. He received two honorary degrees, one "Due south. 5. della laurea advertizement honorem" in Psychology from the University of Padua in 1995 and ane doctorate in Industrial Design and Engineering science from Delft Academy of Engineering science.[18] [8] In 2001, he was inducted equally a Young man of the Association for Calculating Machinery (ACM) and won the Rigo Award from SIGDOC, the Association for Computing Machinery'south Special Interest Group (SIG) on the Pattern of Communication (Medico).[19] In 2006, he received the Benjamin Franklin Medal in Computer and Cognitive Science.[7] In 2009, Norman was elected an Honorary Young man of the Blueprint Inquiry Society. In 2011 Norman was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering science for the evolution of design principles based on human cognition that raise the interaction between people and technology.[ citation needed ]
Nielsen Norman Group [edit]
Norman, alongside colleague Jakob Nielsen, formed the Nielsen Norman Group (NN/g) in 1998.[xx] The visitor'southward vision is to help designers and other companies move toward more human-centered products and cyberspace interactions, and are pioneers in the field of usability.[20]
User-centered design [edit]
In 1986, Norman introduced the term "user-centered pattern" in the book User Centered System Pattern: New Perspectives on Man-computer Interaction [21] , a book edited by him and past Stephen W. Draper. In the introduction of the volume, the idea that designers should aim their efforts at the people who will use the organization is introduced:
People are so adaptable that they are capable of shouldering the entire brunt of accommodation to an antiquity, just expert designers make large parts of this burden vanish past adapting the antiquity to the users.[21]
In his book The Design of Everyday Things, Norman uses the term "user-centered blueprint" to describe design based on the needs of the user, leaving bated what he deems secondary considerations, such equally aesthetics. User-centered design involves simplifying the structure of tasks, making things visible, getting the mapping correct, exploiting the powers of constraint, designing for fault, explaining affordances and the seven stages of action.[ citation needed ]
In his book The Things that Make Usa Smart: Defending the Man Aspect in the Age of the Auto,[22] [ meliorate source needed ] Norman uses the term "cognitive artifacts" to describe "those bogus devices that maintain, display, or operate upon information in lodge to serve a representational function and that affect man cognitive operation".[ citation needed ] Similar to his The Pattern of Everyday Things book, Norman argues for the development of machines that fit our minds, rather than have our minds be conformed to the machine.
On the Revised Edition of The Pattern of Everyday Things, Norman backtracks on his previous claims most aesthetics and removed the term User-Centered Design altogether. In the preface of the book, he says :
The first edition of the book focused upon making products understandable and usable. The full experience of a product covers much more than its usability: aesthetics, pleasure, and fun play critically important roles. There was no discussion of pleasure, enjoyment and emotion, Emotion is so important that I wrote an entire book, Emotional Blueprint, about the role it plays in design.[23]
He instead currently uses the term homo-centered design and defines information technology as: "an arroyo that puts human needs, capabilities, and behavior first, then designs to conform those needs, capabilities, and ways of behaving."[ citation needed ]
Bibliography [edit]
He is on numerous educational, private, and public sector advisory boards, including the editorial board of Encyclopædia Britannica. Norman published several important books during his fourth dimension at UCSD, one of which, User Centered Organization Design, obliquely referred to the academy in the initials of its championship. This is a listing of select publications.
Psychology books [edit]
- Norman, Donald A. (1983). Learning and Memory. Westward H Freeman & Co. ISBN0716713004.
- Lindsay, Peter H.; Norman, Donald A. (1972). Homo data processing: an introduction to psychology . Academic Printing. [24]
- Norman, Donald A. (1976). Memory and Attention: An Introduction to Human Information Processing. Series in Psychology (2 ed.). John Wiley & Sons Inc. ISBN0471651370.
- Norman, Donald A. (1969). Memory and Attending: An Introduction to Human Data Processing. John Wiley & Sons Inc. ISBN0471651311.
Usability books [edit]
- Norman, Don (2013). The Blueprint of Everyday Things. Revised and expanded. Basic Books. ISBN9780465050659.
- Norman, Donald A. (2010). Living with Complexity. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. ISBN978-0262014861.
- Norman, Donald A. (2007). The Pattern of Hereafter Things. Basic Books. ISBN978-0465002276.
- Norman, Donald A. (2005). Emotional Pattern: Why We Beloved (or Detest) Everyday Things. Basic Books. ISBN0465051367.
- Norman, Donald A. (1998). The Invisible Computer: Why Expert Products Tin Fail, the Personal Calculator Is So Complex, and Information Appliances Are the Solution. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Printing. ISBN9780262140652.
- Norman, Donald A. (1993). Plow Signals Are The Facial Expressions Of Automobiles. Basic Books. ISBN9780201622362.
- Norman, Donald A. (1993). Things That Make Us Smart: Defending Human Attributes In The Historic period Of The Machine. William Patrick Book. Bones Books. ISBN0201626950.
- Norman, Donald A. (1988). The Psychology of Everyday Things (1 ed.). Bones Books. ISBN0465067093.
Other publications [edit]
- Direct manipulation interfaces (1985) about direct manipulation interfaces in collaboration with East. Fifty. Hutchins (first writer) and J.D. Hollan
- User Centered System Design: New Perspectives on Human-Computer Interaction (1986) (editor in collaboration with Stephen Draper)
- Norman, Donald A. (1994). Defending Human Attributes in the Age of the Auto (CD-ROM for Mac). Voyager Company. ASIN B000CIQ42I. Combining his books, Pattern of Everyday Things, Turn Signals Are the Facial Expressions of Automobiles, Things That Make U.s.a. Smart, with various technical reports.
Run across also [edit]
- Cognitive engineering
- Executive system
- Homo action cycle
- Human being-computer interaction
- Human-centered design
- User-centered design
- Interaction pattern
References [edit]
- ^ a b "What does jnd.org mean?". Merely-Noticeable Divergence. Archived from the original on June 16, 2014. Retrieved Apr 20, 2018.
- ^ Royal-Lawson, James; Axbom, Per (Baronial 24, 2016). "Design Doing with Don Norman". Medium. UX Podcast. Retrieved November 14, 2019.
Per: Born in 1935. James: Yes, he actually turned 80 around near the same time as we had a Twitter chat about this interview. Per: Exactly. It was Dec 25.
- ^ "ISNI 0000000122839155 - Donald A. Norman ( 1935- )". International Standard Proper noun Identifier (ISNI) . Retrieved November 14, 2019.
- ^ a b Robbins, Gary (2014). "Don Norman has designs on your life". San Diego Union Tribune . Retrieved Feb 12, 2019.
- ^ Zachry, Mark (October 2005). "An Interview with Donald Norman". Technical Communication Quarterly. 14 (4): 469. doi:10.1207/s15427625tcq1404_5. S2CID 142989547.
- ^ Norman, Donald. "Engineering Beginning, Needs Last". Retrieved Jan 26, 2010.
- ^ a b "Donald Norman". The Franklin Institute. Jan fifteen, 2014. Retrieved November 13, 2019.
- ^ a b c d "In Laurels Of… Donald Norman". Federation of Associations in Behavioral & Brain Sciences (FABBS) . Retrieved November 13, 2019.
- ^ "Transcript: A Chat with Don Norman". UX Mastery. 2017. Retrieved November thirteen, 2019.
- ^ Cohen-Cole, Jamie (2014). The Open Mind: Cold War Politics and the Sciences of Human Nature. University of Chicago Printing. pp. 176, 183. ISBN9780226092331 – via Google Books.
- ^ Norman, Donald. "Donald Norman Curriculum Vitae" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on February three, 2010. Retrieved January 26, 2010.
- ^ Friedenberg, Jay; Gordon Silverman (2010). Cerebral Science: An Introduction of the Report of Listen. United St ates of America: SAGE Publications. pp. 180–182. ISBN978-1-4129-7761-six.
- ^ Norman, Don (1981). "The truth virtually Unix: The user interface is horrid" (PDF). Datamation. Vol. 27, no. 12.
- ^ "User-Centric Design - The Lessons of 3 Mile Island". Mindflow Design. August 6, 2014. Retrieved April 14, 2018.
- ^ Lialina, Olia. "Rich User Experience, UX and Desktopization of War". contemporary-dwelling-computing.org . Retrieved September 25, 2016.
- ^ Merholz, Peter. "Peter in Conversation with Don Norman Near UX & Innovation". Adaptative Path . Retrieved September 25, 2016.
- ^ "Don Norman has designs on your life". The San Diego Union-Tribune . Retrieved May 21, 2016.
- ^ "Honorary Degrees". Università di Padova . Retrieved November 14, 2019.
01/03/1995 - Honorary degree to Donald A. Norman in "Psychology"
- ^ "Rigo Award". Special Interest Group on Design of Advice . Retrieved November 14, 2019.
- ^ a b "Where Did the Term "User Experience" Come From?". Adobe Blog. Baronial 28, 2017. Retrieved Nov thirteen, 2019.
In 1998, he formed the Nielsen Norman Grouping alongside Jakob Nielsen, some other pioneer of usability methods that remain widely used today, including the 10 Usability Heuristics.
- ^ a b User centered system design : new perspectives on human-computer interaction. Norman, Donald A., Draper, Stephen Westward. Hillsdale, N.J.: 50. Erlbaum Associates. 1986. ISBN0-89859-781-1. OCLC 12665902.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Norman, Don (1993). Things That Brand usa Smart: Defending Human Attributes in the Historic period of the Machine. Pursues Volume Group.
- ^ Norman, Donald A. (Nov 5, 2013). The design of everyday things (Revised and expanded ed.). New York, New York. ISBN9780465050659. OCLC 849801329.
- ^ Oden, Gregg C.; Lopes, Lola L. (1997). "Homo Information Processing: An Introduction to Psychology past Peter H. Lindsay, Donald A. Norman". The American Periodical of Psychology. 110 (4): 635–641. doi:ten.2307/1423414. JSTOR 1423414.
External links [edit]
- Official website
- Don Norman at TED
- Publications by Donald Norman from Interaction-Design.org
- Donald Norman at Userati
- Video: Franklin Constitute Honour on Donald Norman from April 2006 by the Franklin Plant
- Video: Lecture by Donald Norman on "The Design of Future Things" (at Stanford University, February 2007) on YouTube
- Video: Living With Complexity, April 2011 talk at Stanford University
- An evening of UX Hacking with Don Norman at Stanford" (Stanford University, December 17, 2013)
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_Norman
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