Functions of the House of Representatives in Nigeria
At that place is a National Associates for the Federal Republic of Nigeria. This is the law making torso for the Federal Commonwealth of Nigeria.
Two houses make upwardly the National Assembly, the Senate and the House of Representatives. Section 47 of the 1999 Constitution provides that 'There shall be a National Assembly for the Federation which shall consist of a Senate and a House of Representatives'.
The House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the National associates. Section 49 of the 1999 Constitution provides that 'Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the Firm of Representatives shall consist of 3 hundred and threescore members representing constituencies of nearly equal population as far as possible, provided that no constituency shall fall within more than i State'.
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The nowadays firm of representatives was inaugurated on the 6th of June, 2022 with Yakubu Dogara as the speaker and Yusuf Sulaiman Lasun every bit the deputy speaker.
The master function of the House of Representatives is constabulary making, there are another powers and functions ascribed to the business firm.
1. Constabulary Making
This is the primary function of the house of representatives as an arm of the National Assembly.
Section 58(ane) of the 1999 Constitution provides that " The ability of the National Associates to make laws shall be exercised by bills passed by both the Senate and the Business firm of Representatives and, except as otherwise provided by subsection (5) of this section, assented to by the President."
There are ii chambers of the National Assembly and they are are both actively involved in the process of law making. More often than not, a constabulary is made through the the passage of Pecker.
A bill is a law in embryo or a potential law that needs to be passed past a law making body. In the instance of of Nigeria, ii the bodies are the Nigerian Senate and the Firm of Representatives.
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When a nib originates in any of the houses it is sent to the other house and to exist passed. Information technology should be noted that a bill does not become a police until it has been passed past the two chambers earlier a bill becomes a law, it passes presently through some stages.
The first is 1st reading where the bill is introduced to the business firm, later on the 1st reading is the 2d reading where further deliberations are fabricated and the purpose of the bill is made known to the firm.
A commission is set upwards for more discussions with and adjustments are made if necessary, the commission meets and reports to the whole house and the bill enters the third reading.
The bill thus far passes if information technology is supported by a unproblematic majority of the members. If the nib then passes, information technology is sent to the other business firm to exist passed. If the neb passes in the other house, it is presented to the president for assent.
Within 30 days, the president is required to notify whether he assents or not. The bill becomes a law in one case the president of assents. If the president of withholds his assent, the National Associates and may pass the bill by a ii-tertiary majority.
2. Correction of defects in Law/Amendment
Likewise the part of police force making, there the House of Representatives is is also actively involved in the process of amending defects in law to meet modern day realities.
Recently, some amendments were made to the 1999 Constitution to enable younger people occupy political and positions. In a similar way, some amendments were to the Companies and Allied Matters Act, 2004.
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three. Command of Public Funds
The House of Representatives as an arm of the National Assembly exercise some level of command over the Nation'due south public funds.
Section 81(1) of the 1999 Constitution provides thus ' The President shall crusade to be prepared and laid before each House of the National Assembly at whatsoever time in each financial year estimates of the revenues and expenditure of the Federation for the next following financial twelvemonth.'
The financial estimates is popular referred to equally budget and it is existence authorised past an Cribbing Deed. Section eighty(4) of the 1999 Constitution provides that 'No moneys shall be withdrawn from the Consolidated Revenue Fund or any other public fund of the Federation, except in the mode prescribed by the National Assembly.'
4. The Ability of Investigation
Th provisions of section 88 of the 1999 Constitution empowers the House of Representatives every bit an arm of the National Associates to direct or crusade to be , investigation on some matters.
This section provides that (1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, each Business firm of the National Associates shall take power by resolution published in its journal or in the Official Gazette of the Regime of the Federation to straight or crusade to be directed investigation into:
a. Any matter or thing with respect to which information technology has power to brand laws, and
b. The conduct of affairs of any person, say-so, ministry or government section charged, or intended to be charged, with the duty of or responsibility for –
i. Executing or administering laws enacted by National Assembly, and
ii. Disbursing or administering moneys appropriated or to be appropriated by the National Associates.
Information technology should be noted amid that thus ability can just be exercised for the purpose of law making, exposing corruption, inefficiency or waste product in the administration on laws inside the legislative competence of the National Assembly and funds authorised past information technology.
In the practice of this power, the National Assembly is vested with the power to procure testify to summon any person to give testify and issue a warrant to hogtie the attendance of any person who had exist summoned but fails to attend. (Department 89(i) of the 1999 Constitution).
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v. Removal of President or Vice President
The House of Representatives every bit an arm of the National Associates has a role to play in the removal of the president or vice president, the process of the removal is basically constitutional. This process is contained in section 143 of the 1999 Constitution.
The removsl of the preident or vice president starts with the detect of allegation in writing that the president or vice president is guilty of gross misconduct signed by at least one third of the members of the National Assembly.
Within seven days, the president of the senate shall make copies of the allegation to exist served on every member of the National Assembly.
After the notice has been served, each house of the National Assembly shall by motion resolve whether the accusation should be investigated.
This should be done within fourteen days. The movement will be sustained if it is supported past 2-thirds majority of the members of the National Associates.
If the motion is passed, the president of the senate shall request the Master Justice to engage a panel of seven persons of unquestionable integrity, not members of the public service, legislative house or any political party to investigate the allegation.
The panel shall within three months report to each house of the National Assembly whether the allegation has been proved. If the panel reports that the allegation has not been proved.
The process comes to an end. If otherwise, inside fourteen days, the National Assembly shall adopt the report of the committee by a resolution of not less than two-thirds of the members of the National Associates.
If the move is supported by the 2-thirds majority, the President or vice-president in question stands removed from office.
These are the basic functions of the Firm of Representatives as an arm of the National Associates equally vested on it past the 1999 Constitution.
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The House of Representatives the lower bedroom of the National Associates is actively involved in the police force making process and polish running of the Nigerian governance.
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